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Science Advances cover dedicated to research results on Cryo-EM!
11.04.2022
The research carried out at NCPS SOLARIS with the use of electron cryomicroscopy and at the Malopolska Biotechnology Centre, and at the British National Electron Bioimaging Center eBIC (Diamond Light Source) allowed to solve the structure of the protein responsible for introducing compounds necessary for the life of bacterial cells. The exceptional importance of the research was honored with a dedicated, unique image by Alina Kurokhtina published on the cover of Science Advances!
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FTIR spectroscopy in cancer research
11.04.2022
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) in combination with machine learning and chemometrics is an intensively developed, powerful tool for investigation of tissue biochemical composition with simultaneous microscopic visualization. This nondestructive, information rich and label-free technique has been successfully applied in cancer diagnostics. During the development of a disease or inflammatory processes, not only the chemical composition of tissues changes, but also their spatial organization. FT-IR imaging with linear polarization can provide new and useful information about chemically-specific orientation of macromolecules. The team of SOLAIR beamline presented their results of spatial macromolecular orientation in human, pancreatic tissue using four-polarization FT-IR method.
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Retrovirus research using Cryo-EM
11.04.2022
Reverse transcription involves the conversion of single-stranded RNA to double-stranded DNA. This is a key step in the replication of retroviruses, catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. Retroviruses are divided into two subfamilies, one of which, Spumaretrovirinae, has a different proliferation cycle and a different reverse transcriptase domain structure. The presented studies provide the first structural description of the nucleic acid binding by viral reverse transferase, demonstrating its ability to change the oligomeric state depending on the type of bound nucleic acid.
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Titanium dioxide is the hero of the first IFJ PAN research in Solaris!
11.04.2022
Not so many compounds are as important to industry and medicine today as titanium dioxide (TiO2). The electronic structure of transition metal oxides is an important factor determining the chemical and optical properties of materials. Specifically for metal-oxide structures, the crystal-field interaction determines the shape and occupancy of electronic orbitals. Consequently, the crystal-field splitting and resulting unoccupied state populations can be foreseen as modeling factors of the photochemical activity. The research on titanium dioxide inaugurated the presence of IFJ PAN scientists in research programs carried out at the SOLARIS synchrotron. The measurements, co-financed by the National Science Center, were carried out at the XAS beamline.
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Adaptation of infrared imaging to the economic requirements of the clinic
11.04.2022
The FT-IR spectroscopic imaging in combination with machine learning algorithms has a great potential as a support for histopathologists in distinguishing types of tissues and cancer diagnosis. The introduction of the method to clinical practice is limited by the relatively high cost of sample substrates and the long preparation and measurement time. Depending on the selected measurement mode (radiation transmission or transflection), two types of sample carriers are particularly applicable.
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